4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase, 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase, 2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate hydratase

4-hidroksi-2-oxoglutarate aldolase: Ing enzimologi, aldolase 4-hidroksi-2-oksoglutarat minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-2-oxoglutarate pyruvate + glyoxylate
4-hidroksi-2-oxoglutarate aldolase: Ing enzimologi, aldolase 4-hidroksi-2-oksoglutarat minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-2-oxoglutarate pyruvate + glyoxylate
2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate hydratase: 2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate hydratase minangka enzim kanthi jeneng sistematis 4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate hydro-lyase (-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate-formed) . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki 4-hidroksi-2-oxohexanoate (2Z, 4Z) -2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O
2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate hydratase: 2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate hydratase minangka enzim kanthi jeneng sistematis 4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate hydro-lyase (-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate-formed) . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki 4-hidroksi-2-oxohexanoate (2Z, 4Z) -2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O
4-Hydroxy-2-oxopentanoic acid: Asam 4-Hydroxy-2-oxopentanoaic , uga dikenal kanthi 4-hidroksi-2-oksovalerat, dibentuk dening dekarboksilasi 4-oxalocrotonate dening 4-oxalocrotonate decarboxylase, dirusak dening 4-hidroksi-2-oxovalerate aldolase, mbentuk acetaldehyde lan piruvat lan bisa diuripake maneh kanthi hydratase 2-oxopent-4-enoate dadi 2-oxopent-4-enoate.
2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase: Ing enzimologi, hidratase 2-oksopen-4-enoat (EC 4.2.1.80 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-2-oksopentanoat 2-oxopent-4-enoate + H 2 O
4-hidroksi-2-oxovalerate aldolase: Ing enzimologi, aldolase 4-hidroksi-2-oksovalerat minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-2-oksopentanoat acetaldehyde + pyruvate
4-hidroksi-2-oxovalerate aldolase: Ing enzimologi, aldolase 4-hidroksi-2-oksovalerat minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-2-oksopentanoat acetaldehyde + pyruvate
Syringaldehida: Syringaldehyde minangka senyawa organik sing ana ing jejak sing ana ing alam. Sawetara spesies serangga nggunakake syringaldehida ing sistem komunikasi kimia. Scolytus multistriatus nggunakake minangka sinyal kanggo nemokake wit inang sajrone oviposisi.
Asam suntik: Asam syringic minangka senyawa fenolik alami lan dimethoxybenzene sing umume ditemokake minangka metabolit tanduran.
Asam sinapinat: Asam sinapinat , utawa asam sinapat (Sinapine - Asal-Usul: L. Sinapi, sinapis, mustar, Gr., Lsp. F. Sinapine.), Yaiku asam hidroksiokrinat sing ana alami. Iki minangka anggota kulawarga phenylpropanoid. Iki minangka matriks sing umum digunakake ing spektrometri massa MALDI. Iki minangka matriks sing migunani kanggo macem-macem peptida lan protein. Iki uga dadi matriks kanggo MALDI amarga kemampuane nyedhot radiasi laser lan uga nyumbang proton (H + ) kanggo analitis sing minat.
Sintesis propioin: Ing enzimologi, propioin synthase minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-3-heksanon 2 propanal
Asam ferulic: Asam Ferulic minangka asam hidroksiokrinat, senyawa organik. Iki minangka fitokimia fenolik sing akeh ditemokake ing tembok sel tanduran, kanthi kovalen diikat dadi rantai sisih karo molekul kayata arabinoxylans. Minangka komponen lignin, asam ferulik minangka prekursor ing produksi senyawa aromatik liyane. Jeneng kasebut asale saka genus Ferula , nuduhake fennel raksasa.
Feruloyl esterase: Ing enzimologi, esterase feruloyl (EC 3.1.1.73 ) minangka enzim sing nggawe katalis reaksi kimia feruloyl-polisakarida + H 2 O ferulate + polisakarida
Alkohol koniferyl: Alkohol Coniferyl minangka senyawa organik kristal tanpa warna. Salah sawijining monolignol, yaiku fitokimia sing disintesis liwat jalur biokimia fenilpropanoid. Nalika kopolimerisasi karo senyawa aromatik sing ana gandhengane, alkohol koniferyl mbentuk lignin utawa lignan. Coniferin minangka glukosaid saka alkohol koniferyl.
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine: 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine ( HMMA ) minangka metabolit aktif 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Iki minangka stimulan sing rada kuat tinimbang MDMA.
Hidratase Trans-feruloyl-CoA: Ing enzimologi, hydratase trans-feruloyl-CoA (EC 4.2.1.101 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-3-methoxyphenyl-beta-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA trans-feruloyl-CoA + H 2 O
2-Methoxy-4-vinilphenol: 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol minangka zat aromatik sing digunakake minangka agen rasa. Iki minangka salah sawijining senyawa sing tanggung jawab kanggo aroma alami soba.
Sintase difosfat 4-hidroksi-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl: Ing enzimologi, sintase difosfat 4-hidroksi-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl ( sintesis HMB-PP , IspG , EC 1.17.7.1 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake reaksi kimia 2-C-metil-D-eritritol 2,4-siklodifosfat + protein-dithiol (E) -4-hidroksi-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl difosfat + H 2 O + protein-disulfida
4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase: 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase (EC 1.17.1.2 , isopentenyl-diphosphate: NADP + oxidoreductase , LytB , (E) -4-hidroksi-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl reduktase difosfat , HMBPP reduktase , IspH , LytB / IspH ) minangka enzim ing jalur non-mevalonat. Tumindak kasebut ditindakake (E) -4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (utawa "HMB-PP"). (1) isopentenyl difosfat + NAD (P) + + H 2 O (E) -4-hidroksi-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl difosfat + NAD (P) H + H + (2) difetil dimethylallyl + NAD (P) + + H 2 O (E) -4-hidroksi-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl difosfat + NAD (P) H + H +
Formestane: Formestane , sing sadurunge didol kanthi jeneng merek Lentaron , kalebu liyane, yaiku penghambat aromatase selektif steroid, sing digunakake kanggo perawatan kanker payudara positif reseptor estrogen ing wanita postmenopausal. Obat kasebut ora aktif kanthi lisan, lan mung kasedhiya minangka injeksi depot intramuskular. Formestane ora disetujoni dening Amerika Serikat FDA lan formulir suntik sing digunakake ing Eropa sadurunge wis ditarik saka pasar. Formestane minangka analog saka androstenedione.
Alkohol diacetone: Alkohol diacetone minangka senyawa organik kanthi rumus CH 3 C (O) CH 2 C (OH) (CH 3 ) 2 , kadang diarani DAA. Cairan tanpa warna iki minangka penengah sintetis umum sing digunakake kanggo nyiyapake senyawa liyane, lan uga digunakake minangka pelarut.
4-hidroksi-4-metil-2-oxoglutarate aldolase: Ing enzimologi, aldolase 4-hidroksi-4-metil-2-oksoglutarat minangka enzim sing ngkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-4-metil-2-oxoglutarate 2 pyruvate
4-hidroksi-4-metil-2-oxoglutarate aldolase: Ing enzimologi, aldolase 4-hidroksi-4-metil-2-oksoglutarat minangka enzim sing ngkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-4-metil-2-oxoglutarate 2 pyruvate
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid: Asam 4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic ( UMB68 ) minangka alkohol tersier, padha karo struktur GHB. Molekul kasebut wis disintesis lan dites tumrap kewan kanggo riset luwih lanjut babagan efek GHB. UMB68 wis kabukten kanthi selektif milih ligand reseptor GHB ing tes sing naleni, nanging ora ana gandhengane karo reseptor GABAergic. Kayane, bisa nyedhiyakake alat sing migunani kanggo nyinaoni farmakologi reseptor GHB yen ora ana efek GABAergic.
4-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl glukosida beta-D-glukosidase: 4-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl glukosida beta-D-glukosidase (EC 3.2.1.182 , DIMBOAGlc hydrolase , DIMBOA glukosidase ) minangka enzim kanthi jeneng sistematis (2R) -4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside beta-D-glucosidase . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki (1) (2R) -4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H 2 O 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3 (4H) -one + D-glukosa (2) (2R) -4-hydroxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H 2 O 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3 (4H) -one + D-glukosa
Transaminase 4-hidroksiglutamat: Ing enzimologi, transaminase 4-hydroxyglutamate minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-L-glutamat + 2-oxoglutarate 4-hidroksi-2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamat
Hydroxyproline: (2 S , 4 R ) -4-Hydroxyproline , utawa L -hydroxyproline (C 5 H 9 O 3 N), minangka asam amino, disingkat Hyp utawa O , kayata , ing Protein Data Bank.
4-oksidrolin reduktase: Ing enzimologi, reduktase 4-oxoproline (EC 1.1.1.104 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-L-prolin + NAD + 4-oxoproline + NADH + H +
Psilocin: Psilocin minangka alkaloid tryptamine sing diganti lan zat psychedelic serotonergic. Saiki kasedhiya ing jamur psychedelic sing paling akeh lan psilositbin mitra fosforil. Psilocin minangka obat Jadwal I miturut Konvensi Bahan Psikotropika. Efek psilocin sing ngowahi pikiran beda-beda, subyektif lan padha karo LSD lan DMT.
4-Hydroxy-TEMPO: 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO utawa TEMPOL , kanthi 4-hidroksi-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl, minangka senyawa heterosiklik. Kaya TEMPO sing ana gandhengane, digunakake minangka katalis lan oksidan kimia amarga dadi radikal aminoksil stabil. Daya tarik utama babagan TEMPO yaiku sing luwih murah, diproduksi saka amina triacetone, sing digawe liwat kondensasi aseton lan amonia. Iki nggawe ekonomi bisa digunakake ing skala industri.
Asam vanili: Asam vanili minangka turunan asam dihydroxybenzoic sing digunakake minangka agen rasa. Iki minangka bentuk vanillin sing teroksidasi. Iki uga minangka penengah produksi vanillin saka asam ferulic.
4-hidroksi-tetrahydrodipicolinate abang: Ing enzimologi, reduktase 4-hidroksi-tetrahydrodipikolin (EC 1.17.1.8 ) minangka enzim sing ngkatalisis reaksi kimia (S) -2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate + NAD (P) + + H 2 O (2S, 4S) -4-hidroksi-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + NAD (P) H + H +
Synthase Dihydrodipicolinate: 4-Hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase (EC 4.3.3.7 , dihydrodipicolinate synthase , dihydropicolinate synthetase , dihydrodipicolinic acid synthase , L-aspartate-4-semialdehyde hydro-lyase (nambah pyruvate lan cyclizing) , sistem dapA (gen ) yaiku sistematik jeneng L-aspartate-4-semialdehyde hydro-lyase (nambah piruvat lan siklik; (4S) -4-hidroksi-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro- (2S) -dipicolinate-mbentuk) . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki pyruvate + L-aspartate-4-semialdehida (2S, 4S) -4-hidroksi-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + H 2 O
Piceol: Piceol minangka senyawa fenolik sing ditemokake ing jarum lan oyot mycorrhizal spruces Norwegia. Picein minangka glukosida piceol.
Hydroxyproline: (2 S , 4 R ) -4-Hydroxyproline , utawa L -hydroxyproline (C 5 H 9 O 3 N), minangka asam amino, disingkat Hyp utawa O , kayata , ing Protein Data Bank.
Piceol: Piceol minangka senyawa fenolik sing ditemokake ing jarum lan oyot mycorrhizal spruces Norwegia. Picein minangka glukosida piceol.
4-hydroxyacetophenone monooxygenase: Ing enzimologi, monooxygenase 4-hydroxyacetophenone (EC 1.14.13.84 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia: (4-hydroxyphenyl) etan-1-siji + NADPH + H + + O 2 4-hidroksifonil asetat + NADP + + H 2 O
4-Hydroxyamphetamine: 4-Hydroxyamphetamine ( 4HA ), uga dikenal minangka hydroxyamfetamine , hydroxyamphetamine , oxamphetamine , norpholedrine , para -hydroxyamphetamine , lan α-methyltyramine , minangka obat sing ngrangsang sistem saraf simpatik.
4-Hydroxyamphetamine: 4-Hydroxyamphetamine ( 4HA ), uga dikenal minangka hydroxyamfetamine , hydroxyamphetamine , oxamphetamine , norpholedrine , para -hydroxyamphetamine , lan α-methyltyramine , minangka obat sing ngrangsang sistem saraf simpatik.
Mequinol: Mequinol , MeHQ utawa 4-methoxyphenol , minangka phenol sing digunakake ing dermatologi lan kimia organik.
4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde: 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde minangka salah siji saka telung isom hidroksibenzaldehida. Bisa ditemokake ing anggrek Gastrodia elata , Galeola faberi , lan anggrek Vanilla .
4-hidroksibenzaldehida dehidrogenase: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hidroksibenzaldehida (EC 1.2.1.64 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake reaksi kimia 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD + + H 2 O 4-hidroksibenzoat + NADH + 2 H +
4-asam Hydroxybenzoic: Asam 4-Hydroxybenzoic , uga dikenal kanthi asam p -hydroxybenzoic ( PHBA ), minangka asam monohydroxybenzoic, turunan asam fenolik saka benzoat. Iki minangka padatan kristal putih sing rada larut ing banyu lan kloroform nanging luwih larut ing pelarut organik polar kayata alkohol lan aseton. Asam 4-Hydroxybenzoic utamane dikenal minangka dhasar kanggo nyiapake ester, sing diarani parabens, sing digunakake minangka pengawet ing kosmetik lan sawetara solusi oftalmik. Iki isomerik karo asam 2-hidroksibenzoat, dikenal minangka asam salisilat, prekursor kanggo aspirin, lan karo asam 3-hidroksibenzoat.
4-hidroksibenzoat 1-hidroksilase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hidroksibenzoat 1-hidroksilase (EC 1.14.13.64 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD (P) H + 2 H + + O 2 hydroquinone + NAD (P) + + H 2 O + CO 2
4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase (NAD (P) H): Ing enzimologi, 4-hidroksibenzoat 3-monooxygenase [NAD (P) H] (EC 1.14.13.33 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksibenzoat + NAD (P) H + H + + O 2 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD (P) + + H 2 O
4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase: Enzim 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase , uga umume diarani para-hydroxybenzoate hidroksilase (PHBH), minangka flavoprotein kalebu kulawarga oksididuktase. Khusus, iku hidroksilase, lan minangka salah sawijining enzim sing paling ditliti lan ngkatalisis reaksi sing ana ing detoksifikasi lemah, metabolisme, lan proses biosintetik liyane.
4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase: Enzim 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase , uga umume diarani para-hydroxybenzoate hidroksilase (PHBH), minangka flavoprotein kalebu kulawarga oksididuktase. Khusus, iku hidroksilase, lan minangka salah sawijining enzim sing paling ditliti lan ngkatalisis reaksi sing ana ing detoksifikasi lemah, metabolisme, lan proses biosintetik liyane.
4-hydroxybenzoate — CoA ligase: Ing enzimologi, ligase 4-hidroksibenzoat — CoA minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia ATP + 4-hidroksibenzoat + CoA AMP + difosfat + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4-O-glukosida: 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4- O -glucoside minangka glukosida saka asam p -hydroxybenzoic . Bisa ditemokake ing oyot mycorrhizal lan non-mycorrhizal spruces Norwegia.
4-hydroxybenzoate — CoA ligase: Ing enzimologi, ligase 4-hidroksibenzoat — CoA minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia ATP + 4-hidroksibenzoat + CoA AMP + difosfat + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA
4-hidroksibenzoat 1-hidroksilase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hidroksibenzoat 1-hidroksilase (EC 1.14.13.64 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD (P) H + 2 H + + O 2 hydroquinone + NAD (P) + + H 2 O + CO 2
4-Hydroxybenzoate 3-hidroksilase: 4-Hydroxybenzoate 3-hidroksilase bisa ngrujuk ing: 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase
4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase: Enzim 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase , uga umume diarani para-hydroxybenzoate hidroksilase (PHBH), minangka flavoprotein kalebu kulawarga oksididuktase. Khusus, iku hidroksilase, lan minangka salah sawijining enzim sing paling ditliti lan ngkatalisis reaksi sing ana ing detoksifikasi lemah, metabolisme, lan proses biosintetik liyane.
4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase (NAD (P) H): Ing enzimologi, 4-hidroksibenzoat 3-monooxygenase [NAD (P) H] (EC 1.14.13.33 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksibenzoat + NAD (P) H + H + + O 2 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD (P) + + H 2 O
4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glukosiltransferase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glukosiltransferase minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia UDP-glukosa + 4-hidroksibenzoat UDP + 4- (beta-D-glukosloxy) benzoat
4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glukosiltransferase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glukosiltransferase minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia UDP-glukosa + 4-hidroksibenzoat UDP + 4- (beta-D-glukosloxy) benzoat
4-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase: Ing enzimologi, decarboxylase 4-hydroxybenzoate (EC 4.1.1.61 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksibenzoat fenol + CO 2
4-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase: Ing enzimologi, decarboxylase 4-hydroxybenzoate (EC 4.1.1.61 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksibenzoat fenol + CO 2
Geranyltransferase 4-Hydroxybenzoate: 4-hydroxybenzoate geranyltransferase minangka enzim kanthi jeneng sistematis geranyl-diphosphate: 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-geranyltransferase . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki geranyl difosfat + 4-hidroksibenzoat 3-geranyl-4-hydroxybenzoate + difosfat
Polyprenyltransferase 4-hidroksibenzoat: Ing enzimologi, polprenyltransferase 4-hidroksibenzoat minangka enzim sing nyebabake reaksi kimia difosfat polprenyl + 4-hidroksibenzoat difosfat + 4-hidroksi-3-polprenylbenzoat
Polyprenyltransferase 4-hidroksibenzoat: Ing enzimologi, polprenyltransferase 4-hidroksibenzoat minangka enzim sing nyebabake reaksi kimia difosfat polprenyl + 4-hidroksibenzoat difosfat + 4-hidroksi-3-polprenylbenzoat
4-hydroxybenzoate — CoA ligase: Ing enzimologi, ligase 4-hidroksibenzoat — CoA minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia ATP + 4-hidroksibenzoat + CoA AMP + difosfat + 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA
4-asam Hydroxybenzoic: Asam 4-Hydroxybenzoic , uga dikenal kanthi asam p -hydroxybenzoic ( PHBA ), minangka asam monohydroxybenzoic, turunan asam fenolik saka benzoat. Iki minangka padatan kristal putih sing rada larut ing banyu lan kloroform nanging luwih larut ing pelarut organik polar kayata alkohol lan aseton. Asam 4-Hydroxybenzoic utamane dikenal minangka dhasar kanggo nyiapake ester, sing diarani parabens, sing digunakake minangka pengawet ing kosmetik lan sawetara solusi oftalmik. Iki isomerik karo asam 2-hidroksibenzoat, dikenal minangka asam salisilat, prekursor kanggo aspirin, lan karo asam 3-hidroksibenzoat.
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4-O-glukosida: 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4- O -glucoside minangka glukosida saka asam p -hydroxybenzoic . Bisa ditemokake ing oyot mycorrhizal lan non-mycorrhizal spruces Norwegia.
4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA reduktase: Ing enzimologi, reduktase 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA (EC 1.3.7.9 ) minangka enzim sing ditemokake ing sawetara bakteri lan archaea sing nyebabake reaksi kimia benzoyl-CoA + akseptor + H 2 O 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + nyuda akseptor
4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase (EC 3.1.2.23 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + H 2 O 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA
4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA reduktase: Ing enzimologi, reduktase 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA (EC 1.3.7.9 ) minangka enzim sing ditemokake ing sawetara bakteri lan archaea sing nyebabake reaksi kimia benzoyl-CoA + akseptor + H 2 O 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + nyuda akseptor
4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase (EC 3.1.2.23 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + H 2 O 4-hydroxybenzoate + CoA
Gastrodigenin: Gastrodigenin minangka senyawa fenolik sing ditemokake ing rimpang eltris Gastrodia .
Gamma-Hydroxybutyraldehyde: γ-Hydroxybutyraldehyde , uga diarani GHBAL , γ-hydroxybutaldehyde utawa γ-hydroxybutanal , minangka penengah kimia ing biosintesis asam neurotransmitter γ-hydroxybutyric (GHB) saka 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD). Kaya 1,4-BD, uga tumindak minangka prodrug menyang GHB nalika dijupuk kanthi eksogen. Nanging, kayadene aldehid alifatik, γ-hidroksibutaldehida iku kaustik lan ambune ambune banget lan ambune ora enak; mula, asupan nyata senyawa iki bisa uga ora karu lan nyebabake mual lan mutah sing parah.
Gamma-Hydroxybutyraldehyde: γ-Hydroxybutyraldehyde , uga diarani GHBAL , γ-hydroxybutaldehyde utawa γ-hydroxybutanal , minangka penengah kimia ing biosintesis asam neurotransmitter γ-hydroxybutyric (GHB) saka 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD). Kaya 1,4-BD, uga tumindak minangka prodrug menyang GHB nalika dijupuk kanthi eksogen. Nanging, kayadene aldehid alifatik, γ-hidroksibutaldehida iku kaustik lan ambune ambune banget lan ambune ora enak; mula, asupan nyata senyawa iki bisa uga ora karu lan nyebabake mual lan mutah sing parah.
Asam gamma-Hydroxybutyric: gamma -Hydroxybutyric acid utawa γ-Hydroxybutyric acid ( GHB ), uga dikenal minangka asam 4-hidroksibutanoat , minangka neurotransmitter alami lan obat psikoaktif. Minangka prekursor kanggo GABA, glutamat, lan glisin ing wilayah otak tartamtu. Tumindak ing reseptor GHB lan minangka agonis lemah ing reseptor GABA B. GHB wis digunakake ing kahanan medis minangka anestesi umum lan minangka perawatan cataplexy, narcolepsy, lan alkohol. Iki uga digunakake kanthi ilegal minangka intoxicant, minangka enhancer kinerja atletik, minangka obat rudo pekso tanggal, lan minangka obat rekreasi.
4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hidroksibutirat (EC 1.1.1.61 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxybutanoate + NAD + sucialate semialdehida + NADH + H +
Asam gamma-Hydroxybutyric: gamma -Hydroxybutyric acid utawa γ-Hydroxybutyric acid ( GHB ), uga dikenal minangka asam 4-hidroksibutanoat , minangka neurotransmitter alami lan obat psikoaktif. Minangka prekursor kanggo GABA, glutamat, lan glisin ing wilayah otak tartamtu. Tumindak ing reseptor GHB lan minangka agonis lemah ing reseptor GABA B. GHB wis digunakake ing kahanan medis minangka anestesi umum lan minangka perawatan cataplexy, narcolepsy, lan alkohol. Iki uga digunakake kanthi ilegal minangka intoxicant, minangka enhancer kinerja atletik, minangka obat rudo pekso tanggal, lan minangka obat rekreasi.
4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehidrasi: 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.120 ) minangka enzim kanthi jeneng sistematis 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA hydro-lyase . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA nanging-3-enoyl-CoA + H 2 O
4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehidrasi: 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.120 ) minangka enzim kanthi jeneng sistematis 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA hydro-lyase . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki 4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA nanging-3-enoyl-CoA + H 2 O
Gamma-Hydroxybutyraldehyde: γ-Hydroxybutyraldehyde , uga diarani GHBAL , γ-hydroxybutaldehyde utawa γ-hydroxybutanal , minangka penengah kimia ing biosintesis asam neurotransmitter γ-hydroxybutyric (GHB) saka 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD). Kaya 1,4-BD, uga tumindak minangka prodrug menyang GHB nalika dijupuk kanthi eksogen. Nanging, kayadene aldehid alifatik, γ-hidroksibutaldehida iku kaustik lan ambune ambune banget lan ambune ora enak; mula, asupan nyata senyawa iki bisa uga ora karu lan nyebabake mual lan mutah sing parah.
Asam gamma-Hydroxybutyric: gamma -Hydroxybutyric acid utawa γ-Hydroxybutyric acid ( GHB ), uga dikenal minangka asam 4-hidroksibutanoat , minangka neurotransmitter alami lan obat psikoaktif. Minangka prekursor kanggo GABA, glutamat, lan glisin ing wilayah otak tartamtu. Tumindak ing reseptor GHB lan minangka agonis lemah ing reseptor GABA B. GHB wis digunakake ing kahanan medis minangka anestesi umum lan minangka perawatan cataplexy, narcolepsy, lan alkohol. Iki uga digunakake kanthi ilegal minangka intoxicant, minangka enhancer kinerja atletik, minangka obat rudo pekso tanggal, lan minangka obat rekreasi.
4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hidroksibutirat (EC 1.1.1.61 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxybutanoate + NAD + sucialate semialdehida + NADH + H +
Asam gamma-Hydroxybutyric: gamma -Hydroxybutyric acid utawa γ-Hydroxybutyric acid ( GHB ), uga dikenal minangka asam 4-hidroksibutanoat , minangka neurotransmitter alami lan obat psikoaktif. Minangka prekursor kanggo GABA, glutamat, lan glisin ing wilayah otak tartamtu. Tumindak ing reseptor GHB lan minangka agonis lemah ing reseptor GABA B. GHB wis digunakake ing kahanan medis minangka anestesi umum lan minangka perawatan cataplexy, narcolepsy, lan alkohol. Iki uga digunakake kanthi ilegal minangka intoxicant, minangka enhancer kinerja atletik, minangka obat rudo pekso tanggal, lan minangka obat rekreasi.
Gamma-Butyrolactone: γ-Butyrolactone ( GBL ) minangka cairan tanpa hygroscopic, banyu sing ora bisa dienggo kanthi ambu ora enak. Iki minangka laktonon 4-karbon sing paling gampang. Umume digunakake minangka penengah ing produksi bahan kimia liyane, kayata metil-2-pyrrolidone. Ing manungsa, GBL minangka prodrug kanggo asam γ-hidroksibutyriat (GHB), lan digunakake minangka depresan CNS kanthi efek sing padha karo barbiturat.
Kekurangan dehidrogenase semialdehida suksinat: Kekurangan dehidrogenase semialdehida suksisin ( SSADHD ), minangka kelainan resesif autosomal langka saka jalur degradasi saka asam ans-aminobutyric neurotransmitter, utawa GABA. Kelainan kasebut wis diidentifikasi ing udakara 350 kulawarga, lan proporsi pinunjul minangka kulawarga sing padha. Kasus pertama diidentifikasi ing taun 1981 lan diterbitake ing jurnal kimia klinis Walanda sing nyorot sawetara kahanan neurologis kayata intelektual, motor, pidato, lan basa sing telat minangka manifestasi sing paling umum. Kasus-kasus sing dilaporake ing wiwitan taun 1990-an wiwit nuduhake yen hipotonia, hyporeflexia, kejang, lan ataxia nonprogresif minangka fitur klinis sing asring uga.
Asam P-Coumaric: p -Coumaric acid minangka asam hidroksiokrinat, senyawa organik sing asale hidroksiid saka asam kayu manis . Ana telung isomer asam coumaric— o -coumaric acid, m -coumaric acid, lan p -coumaric acid — sing beda karo posisi substitusi hidroksi saka gugus fenil. p -Coumaric acid isomer sing paling akeh isine saka telu ing alam kasebut. p -Coumaric acid ana ing rong bentuk trans - p- acid acidum and cis - p- acid coumaric .
4-Hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase: 4-Hydroxycinnamate decarboxylase minangka enzim sing nggunakake asam p -coumaric kanggo ngasilake 4-etilphenol.
Asam P-Coumaric: p -Coumaric acid minangka asam hidroksiokrinat, senyawa organik sing asale hidroksiid saka asam kayu manis . Ana telung isomer asam coumaric— o -coumaric acid, m -coumaric acid, lan p -coumaric acid — sing beda karo posisi substitusi hidroksi saka gugus fenil. p -Coumaric acid isomer sing paling akeh isine saka telu ing alam kasebut. p -Coumaric acid ana ing rong bentuk trans - p- acid acidum and cis - p- acid coumaric .
4-Hydroxycoumarin: 4-Hydroxycoumarin minangka turunan coumarin kanthi klompok hidroksi ing posisi 4.
4-Hydroxycoumarin synthase: 4-hydroxycoumarin synthase (EC 2.3.1.208 , BIS2 , BIS3 ) minangka enzim kanthi jeneng sistematik malonyl-CoA: 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA malonyltransferase . Enzim iki nyebabake reaksi kimia ing ngisor iki malonyl-CoA + 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA 2 CoA + 4-hydroxycoumarin + CO 2
4-Hydroxycoumarins: 4-Hydroxycoumarins kalebu klompok molekul obat antikoagulan antagonis (VKA) asale saka coumarin kanthi nambahake klompok hidroksi ing posisi 4 kanggo entuk 4-hidroksiokumarin, banjur nambah substituen aromatik gedhe ing posisi 3. Substituen 3-posisi gedhe dibutuhake kanggo kegiatan antikoagulan.
4-Hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate dehydrogenase: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate (EC 1.1.1.226 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia trans-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate + NAD + 4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate + NADH + H +
4-Hydroxycyclophosphamide: 4-Hydroxycyclophosphamide ana ing kelas senyawa oxazaphosphorine, lan minangka metabolit aktif siklofosfamid utama lan mafosfamide sawise metabolisme sebagian dening sitokrom P450. Iki banjur di-tautomerisasi dadi aldofosfamid, mula bisa gampang mlebu ing sel-sel urip banjur di-detoksifikasi dadi karboxycyclophosphamide sing ora aktif dening enzim ALDH, nanging sebagian dihidrolisis karo enzim fosfatase enzim liyane menyang loro metabolit sitotoksik langsung - mustar fosfamid lan akolinin .
4-Hydroxyestradiol: 4-Hydroxyestradiol ( 4-OHE2 ), uga dikenal minangka estra-1,3,5 (10) -triene-3,4,17β-triol , yaiku estrogen katekol estrogen sing alami, lan metabolit minor estradiol. Estrogenik, padha karo metabolit estrogen hidroksilasi liyane kayata 2-hydroxyestradiol, 16α-hydroxyestrone, estriol (16α-hydroxyestradiol), lan 4-hydroxyestrone nanging ora beda karo 2-hydroxyestrone.
4-Hydroxyestriol: 4-Hydroxyestriol , uga dikenal minangka estra-1,3,5 (10) -triene-3,4,16α, 17β-tetrol , minangka estrogen katekol endogen lan metabolit estriol. Wis ditemokake ing cipratan meteng.
4-Hydroxyestrone: 4-Hydroxyestrone ( 4-OHE1 ), uga dikenal minangka estra-1,3,5 (10) -triene-3,4-diol-17-siji , yaiku estrogen katekol estrogen sing alami, lan metabolit minor estrogen lan estradiol Estrogenik, padha karo metabolit estrogen hidroksilasi liyane kayata 2-hydroxyestradiol, 16α-hydroxyestrone, estriol (16α-hydroxyestradiol), lan 4-hydroxyestradiol nanging ora beda karo 2-hydroxyestrone.
Transaminase 4-hidroksiglutamat: Ing enzimologi, transaminase 4-hydroxyglutamate minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hidroksi-L-glutamat + 2-oxoglutarate 4-hidroksi-2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamat
4-hydroxymandelate oxidase: Ing enzimologi, oksidase 4-hydroxymandelate (EC 1.1.3.19 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia (S) -2-hydroxy-2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) asetat + O 2 4-hidroksibenzaldehida + CO 2 + H 2 O 2	Ing enzimologi, oksidase 4-hydroxymandelate (EC 1.1.3.19 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia (S) -2-hydroxy-2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) asetat + O 2
4-hydroxymandelate synthase: Ing enzimologi, sintase 4-hidroksiokandelat (EC 1.13.11.46 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + O 2 4-hydroxymandelate + CO 2
Pholedrine: Pholedrine , uga dikenal minangka 4-hydroxy- N -methylamphetamine ( 4-HMA ), 4-hydroxymethamphetamine , lan para -hydroxymethamphetamine , minangka obat sing ngrangsang sistem saraf simpatik. Iki diwenehake minangka bentuk tetes mata topikal kanggo nggedhekake pupil lan bisa digunakake kanggo diagnosa sindrom Horner.
Dehidrogenase 4-hidroksioksikonik-semialdehida: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hydroxymuconic-semialdehyde (EC 1.2.1.61 ) minangka enzim sing ngkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde + NAD + + H 2 O maleylacetate + NADH + 2 H +
Dehidrogenase 4-hidroksioksikonik-semialdehida: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hydroxymuconic-semialdehyde (EC 1.2.1.61 ) minangka enzim sing ngkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde + NAD + + H 2 O maleylacetate + NADH + 2 H +
4-Nitrophenol: 4-Nitrophenol minangka senyawa fenolik sing duwe klompok nitro ing posisi ngelawan klompok hidroksil ing ring benzena.
4-Hydroxynonenal: 4-Hydroxynonenal , utawa 4-hidroksi-2-nonenal utawa 4-HNE utawa HNE , ( C 9 H 16 O 2 ), minangka hidroksialkenal α-tak jenuh that sing diprodhuksi dening peroksidasi lipid ing sel. 4-HNE minangka alpha utama, hidroksialkenal beta-tak jenuh sing dibentuk ing proses iki.
4-hydroxynonenal-lisin: 4-hydroxynonenal-lysine minangka epitope sing digawe kanthi modifikasi oksidatif lipoprotein kerapatan rendah. Iki dibentuk kanthi nambah langsung gugus karbonil saka 4-hidroksianon (HNE) menyang lisin.
P-Hydroxynorephedrine: p -Hydroxynorephedrine ( PHN ), utawa 4-hydroxynorephedrine , minangka analog para -hydroxy saka norephedrine lan metabolit simpathomimetic aktif amfetamin ing manungsa. Nalika kedadeyan minangka metabolit amfetamin, diasilake saka loro p -hydroxyamphetamine lan norephedrine.
Oksipon cipionate: Oxabolone cipionate , utawa oxabolone cypionate , uga dikenal minangka 4-hidroksi-19-nortestosteron 17β-cypionate utawa estr-4-en-4,17β-diol-3-siji 17β-cypionate , minangka anabolik-androgenik steroid androgenik (AAS ) lan turunan nandrolone (19-nortestosteron) sing wis dipasarake ing Eropa. Iki minangka ester cypionate C17β lan prodrug oxabolone (4-hidroksi-19-lorestosteron).
Oksipon cipionate: Oxabolone cipionate , utawa oxabolone cypionate , uga dikenal minangka 4-hidroksi-19-nortestosteron 17β-cypionate utawa estr-4-en-4,17β-diol-3-siji 17β-cypionate , minangka anabolik-androgenik steroid androgenik (AAS ) lan turunan nandrolone (19-nortestosteron) sing wis dipasarake ing Eropa. Iki minangka ester cypionate C17β lan prodrug oxabolone (4-hidroksi-19-lorestosteron).
Gamma-Valerolactone: γ-Valerolactone ( GVL ) minangka senyawa organik kanthi formula C 5 H 8 O 2 . Cairan tanpa warna iki minangka salah sawijining laktone sing paling umum. GVL chiral nanging biasane digunakake minangka racemate. Gampang dipikolehi saka biomassa selulosa lan minangka bahan bakar potensial lan pelarut ijo.
Tyramine: Tyramine , uga dikenal kanthi jeneng liyane, minangka amina tilak alami sing asale saka tirosin asam amino. Tyramine minangka agen pelepas katekolamin. Utamane, ora bisa nyebrang alangan otak getih, asil mung efek simpathomimetik periferal non-psikoaktif sawise konsumsi. Krisis hipertensi bisa nyebabake, amarga asupan panganan kaya tyramine bebarengan karo panggunaan inhibitor monoamine oxidase (MAOI).
4-asam Hydroxyphenylacetic: Asam 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic minangka senyawa kimia sing ditemokake ing minyak zaitun lan bir.
4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde: 4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde , uga dikenal kanthi p -hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde , minangka produk alami kanthi formula HOC 6 H 4 CH 2 CHO. Iki asale saka phenylacetaldehyde lan ana ing padhet putih ing suhu ruangan.
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (EC 1.2.1.53 ) minangka enzim sing ngkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD + + H 2 O 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + 2 H +
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase: Ing enzimologi, dehidrogenase 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (EC 1.2.1.53 ) minangka enzim sing ngkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD + + H 2 O 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + 2 H +
(S) -norcoclaurine synthase: Ing enzimologi, sintase ( S ) -norcoclaurine synthase (EC 4.2.1.78 ) minangka enzim sing mengkatalisis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + 4- (2-aminoethyl) benzena-1,2-diol ( S ) -norcoclaurine + H 2 O
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime monooxygenase: Ing enzimologi, mono-oxygenase oksime 4-hidroksifonilacetaldehida (EC 1.14.13.68 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake reaksi kimia (Z) -4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime + NADPH + H + + O 2 (S) -4-hydroxymandelonitrile + NADP + + 2 H 2 O
4-asam Hydroxyphenylacetic: Asam 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic minangka senyawa kimia sing ditemokake ing minyak zaitun lan bir.
4-Hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.9 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + FADH 2 + O 2 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + FAD + H 2 O
4-hydroxyphenylacetate 1-monooxygenase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 1-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.18 ) minangka enzim sing nggawe katalis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NAD (P) H + H + + O 2 homogentisat + NAD (P) + + H 2 O
4-Hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.9 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + FADH 2 + O 2 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + FAD + H 2 O
4-Hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.9 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + FADH 2 + O 2 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + FAD + H 2 O
4-hydroxyphenylacetate 1-monooxygenase: Ing enzimologi, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 1-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.18 ) minangka enzim sing nggawe katalis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NAD (P) H + H + + O 2 homogentisat + NAD (P) + + H 2 O
4-Hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.9 ) minangka enzim sing nyebabake katalis reaksi kimia 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + FADH 2 + O 2 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + FAD + H 2 O